The general theme of the lecture is the complex interrelationship between (un)employment and higher and continuing education. What are the mechanisms between education/training and unemployment? Is Lifelong Learning the ultimate solution to unemployment? What is the role of Adult education among the many solutions aiming at reducing unemployment? What kind of labour market training strategies are in use? How should we evaluate the effectiveness and quality of labour market oriented training? How should we evaluate the effectiveness of higher education in general from the employment perspective? 7th lecture in the international course of lectures in English during the wintersemester 2006/07 at the University Duisburg-Essen "Essentials in Adult and Continuing Education in Europe"